Urban Radiation – Energy and Water Balance Models
July 2017: See UMEP
| CHARACTERISTIC | LUMPS | SUEWS | FRAISE | LUCY | GREATERQF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Local-scale Urban Meteorological Parameterization Scheme | Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme | Flux Ratio – Active Index Surface Exchange | Large scale Urban Consumption of energY | Greater London QF | |
| Complexity | Simpler | More complex | Simplest | Simple | Simple | |
| Software provided | Windows exe (written in Fortran) | Fortran (Windows etc/Linux/ Mac) | R code | Windows GUI | Windows GUI | |
| Applicable period | hourly | 5 min-hourly-annual | Midday (within 3 h of solar noon) | hourly – annual | 30 min – annual | |
| Unique features | radiation and energy balances | radiation/ energy and water balance (includes LUMPS) | calculates active surface – and fluxes | anthropogenic heat flux only | anthropogenic heat flux for London | |
| Manual | Manual | Manual | Manual | Manual | ||
| Access | Software download form | Software download form | Software download form | Software download form | Software download form | |
| Latest Version: | LUMPS v6.0/in SUEWS V2014b | V2016a | 2012 | V2014a (25 June 2014) | ||
| Main References | 2/3/5 | 1/ 2/ 9/10/11 | 17 | 12/13 | 14 |
References – see below
Sub-Models/ Fluxes
| FOR | SYMBOL | SUB-MODEL DESCRIPTION | REFERENCE |
|---|---|---|---|
| net all-wave radiation | Q* | NARP (Net All-wave Radiation Parameterization) | 6- 7-8 |
| storage heat flux | ∆QS | OHM (Objective Hysteresis Model) | 3 – 4 |
| latent heat flux | QE | LUMPS | 5 |
| latent heat flux | QE | SUEWS | 10 – 11 |
| turbulent sensible heat flux | QH | LUMPS | 5 |
| turbulent sensible heat flux | QH | SUEWS | 10 |
| Water balance | SUEWS | 10 | |
| Snowmelt | SUEWS | 11 | |
| anthropogenic heat | QF | LUCY | 12 – 13 |
| anthopogenic heat | QF | SUEWS | 10 – 6 |
| anthropogenic heat | QF | GreaterQF | 14 |
| anthropogenic heat | QF | LUMPS | 6 |
| Sky View Factor | SVF | from digital images | 16 |
| Sky View Factor | SVF | from Digital elevation model (DEM) | 15 |
Sky View Factor from digital images Software download form
| Output | File generated: svf_res.txt |
| SVF 1-SVF WHITE BLACK %WHITE nring ny ichoice FOV Input File | |
| Input | File with list of files: file_in.svf |
| contents: list of filenames with images to be analysed – quote marks should be around each filename | |
| Format of files analyzed: pgm format | |
| can be generated using IfranView The image should only have two colors (black and white) |
Publications
| NO | REFERENCE | RELEVANT TO |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grimmond CSB Oke TR. & Steyn DG (1986). Urban water balance: 1. A model for daily totals. Water Resources Research 22(10) 1397-140 | SUEWS. |
| 2 | Grimmond CSB & Oke TR (1991). An evapotranspiration-interception model for urban areas. Water Resources Research 27(7) 1739-1755 | SUEWS |
| 3 | Grimmond CSB Cleugh HA & Oke TR (1991). An objective urban heat storage model and its comparison with other schemes. Atmospheric Environment 25B 311-326 | OHM – SUEWS – LUMPS |
| 4 | Grimmond CSB & Oke TR (1999). Heat storage in urban areas: Local-scale observations and evaluation of a simple model. Journal of Applied Meteorology 38 922-940 | OHM – SUEWS – LUMPS |
| 5 | Grimmond CSB. & Oke TR (2002). Turbulent heat fluxes in urban areas: Observations and a local-scale urban meteorological parameterization scheme (LUMPS). Journal of Applied Meteorology 41 792-810 | LUMP |
| 6 | Loridan T – CSB Grimmond BD Offerle DT Young T Smith L Jarvi F Lindberg (2011). Local-Scale Urban Meteorological Parameterization Scheme (LUMPS): longwave radiation parameterization & seasonality related developments Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology.doi: 10.1175/2010JAMC2474.1 (pdf) | LUMPS |
| 7 | Offerle B Grimmond CSB & Oke TR (2003). Parameterization of net all-wave radiation for urban areas.Journal of Applied Meteorology 42 1157-1173 | NARP – SUEWS – LUMPS |
| 8 | Offerle B (2003) The energy balance of an urban area: Examining temporal and spatial variability through measurements – remote sensing and modeling. PhD thesis Indiana University | LUMPS |
| 9 | Xu W Wooster MJ & Grimmond CSB (2008). Modelling of urban sensible heat flux at multiple spatial scales: A demonstration using hyperspectral imagery of Shanghai and a temperature-emissivity separation approach. Remote Sensing of Environment 112 3493-3510 | LUMPS – NARP – OHM. |
| 10 | Järvi L – CSB Grimmond A Christen (2011) TheSurface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme (SUEWS): Evaluation in Vancouver and Los Angeles. Journal of Hydrology doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.10.001 pdf | SUEWS |
| 11 | Järvi L Grimmond CSB Taka M Nordbo A Setälä H & Strachan IB (2014)Development of the Surface Urban Energy and Water balance Scheme (SUEWS) for cold climate cities. Geoscientific Model Development 7 1691-1711. doi: 10.5194/gmd-7-1691-2014 | SUEWS |
| 12 | Allen L – F Lindberg CSB Grimmond (2011) Global to city scale model for anthropogenic heat flux International Journal of Climatology 31 1990-2005 | LUCY |
| 13 | Lindberg F Grimmond CSB Nithiandamdan Y Kotthaus S Allen L (2013) Impact of city changes and weather on anthropogenic heat flux in Europe 1995–2015 Urban Climate http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2013.03.002 | LUCY |
| 14 | Iamarino M Sean Beevers CSB Grimmond (2011) High Resolution (Space – Time) Anthropogenic Heat Emissions: London 1970 – 2025. International Journal of Clmatology | GreaterQF |
| 15 | Lindberg F & CSB Grimmond 2010: Continuous sky view factor from high resolution urban digital elevation models Climate Research 42: 177-183 doi:10.3354/cr00882 | SVF |
| 16 | Grimmond CSB – SK Potter – HN Zutter & C Souch 2001: Rapid methods to estimate sky view factors applied to urban areas. International Journal of Climatology 21 903-913 | SVF |
| 17 | Loridan T & CSB Grimmond (2012) Characterization of energy flux partitioning in urban environments: links with surface seasonal properties Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 51 219-241 doi: 10.1175/JAMC-D-11-038.1 pdf colour figures |